Wednesday, August 26, 2020
Pay Someone To Write A Paper
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Wednesday, June 3, 2020
High-Stakes Testing And Special Education Students
posted on January 29, 2015 We have read stories in the news about the detrimental effects of high-stakes testing on kindergarteners, third graders, and high schoolers, and I have recently written about what we need to do to help our students pass these tests. What I donââ¬â¢t see are the stories about my middle schoolers, who are takingà annualà Oklahoma Core Curriculum tests in math, reading, and social studies, and who will be expected to pass the 8th grade reading test in order to receive a driverââ¬â¢s license when they turn 16. Like the elementary and high school students, middle schoolersà come in all shapes, sizes, and abilities. You can especially see this during the seventh grade year, when some children have matured, and others still look like 5th graders. But the differences are much deeper than physical appearances. Some of them fit into the mold school requires of them ââ¬â and some most definitely do not. Unfortunately, those students who do not fit that mold, whose scholastic abilities fall outside the range that is considered standard, are suffering under the current testing regime in this country. A former student, Clarice*, is one such student. She arrived at school excited for every day. She always raised herà hand when Iââ¬â¢d ask for answers or volunteers to participate in classroom discussion. If we were in an assembly, and a participant was needed for an activity, she was the first person to jump up, waving herà hand in the air. She didnââ¬â¢t seem to care, or had no idea, that ââ¬Å"coolerâ⬠students might make fun of her. She just threw herself into school whole-heartedly. She had a terrific attitude, and I would have loved having several students like her in my class. There was just one ââ¬Å"problem.â⬠When Clariceà arrived in my seventhà grade class, she read at about a second grade level. She was always the first one to volunteer to read out loud, but for most words, she would see the first letter and guess what she thought the word actually was. As a student with an IEP, she received extra supports in my classroom, including extra time to complete assignments, one-on-one assistance from my special education co-teacher (who has 35+ years experience in the field), and the opportunity to redo any assignment with less than a 60 percent. With the supports in place, she succeeded in my classroom. Her Oklahoma Core Curriculum Test scores (since special education students are no longer allowed to take an alternative test) placed herà in the ââ¬Å"unsatisfactoryâ⬠category. Many of my special education students (those who are on IEPs) are like herà in that they try really hard, but never quite reach the goals our education leaders have set. On top of that, some districts are using essay writing and reading benchmark tests to help teachers prepare students for the state tests. The kids are taking at least five additional tests per year, in some districts ââ¬â possibly more. Thatââ¬â¢s an awful lot of ââ¬Å"failure.â⬠This experience is not unique to me and my students. Renee Hale, a 6th grade English Language Arts special education teacher at Jarman Middle School in Midwest City, tells a similar story: I teach 6th grade special education and I co-teach in twoà ELA classes. I see testing from both sides. Although it isnââ¬â¢t a state requirement, our district requires essay tests in order to prepare for the OCCT. This past Thursday, the students had an argumentative writing essay. Two class periods were allotted. The ESL classes started practicing the Thursday before. Thatââ¬â¢s sixà ELA class periods and twoà other class periods devoted to one test. We had school as usual on Friday, then no school on Monday. We returned today and had to administer the STAR reading test. One of the students, not on an IEP, stomped her feet, fell to the ground, and yelled, ââ¬Å"What is all this testing? Testing, testing, testing. Thatââ¬â¢s all we do.â⬠Some of the other comments were, ââ¬Å"We just took a big test.â⬠ââ¬Å"Why do we take so many tests?â⬠ââ¬Å"How can we learn if all we do is take tests?â⬠I still have students who are non-readers, and who are elementary level readers.à What is going to happen to them when they continually ââ¬Å"failâ⬠to meet what our leaders state is proficient? Are we going to deny them a diploma, even though they spent the same amount of time in school as everyone else, and, in many cases, struggledà harder than ââ¬Å"cognitively typicalâ⬠students? Whatââ¬â¢s going to happen to them as adults after 12 years of being told they are failures, that they are not good enough? Katharine Beals, a lecturer at the University of Pennsylvania Graduate School of Education and an adjunct professor at the Drexel University School of Education, also asks the question on all our minds in her The Atlanticà article,à The Common Core Is Tough on Kids With Special Needsâ⬠So what happens to the approximately six percent of the student population with significant cognitive disabilitiesââ¬âwhether general intellectual disabilities, language impairments, reading impairments, non-verbal learning disabilities, or autistic spectrum disorders? What happens when their classrooms function under a set of guidelines that ignore their skills and specific needs? Hale echos Bealsââ¬â¢ concern: I started teaching special education in 1980 for the simple reason that, ââ¬Ëyou canââ¬â¢t put a square peg in a round hole.ââ¬â¢ Iââ¬â¢m discouraged and disgusted that Iââ¬â¢m being forced to go back to pre-1980. I call it being forced to engage in child abuse. Granted, special ed has had its down sides and wasnââ¬â¢t properly used in many instances, but Iââ¬â¢m afraid weââ¬â¢ll lose a lot of potential with the stress weââ¬â¢re putting on them now. Problems weââ¬â¢re facing now? Tests cannot be read to below-grade-level readers, even if they are on only the first or second grade level in middle school. Students must be completely incapable of reading before we can read the test to them. I can tell you right now whatââ¬â¢s going to happen. Some students are going to struggle in frustration for hours to take the tests. Others are going to shut down and click through in five minutes. Neither student will score well, and their scores will be used to punish their teachers and schools who have worked hard to encourage, teach, mentor, and value them as human beings. I have had a student who could not read a word on herà own. However, if I read each word as she pointed to it, sheà could identify the part of speech when asked, and could tell me what the sentence said. Whatââ¬â¢s going to happen when we canââ¬â¢t read the test anymore? So what can we do? According to Nikki Jones, a first grade teacher in Tulsa Public Schools, teachers and administrators need to take a stand for our kids: Teachers are going to have to wipe away their beat down self esteem and pick it up a notch. We went into this profession because we want to make a difference in the lives of children and foster a life long love of learning. We donââ¬â¢t get to turn our heads on this. We donââ¬â¢t get to fear the system. We donââ¬â¢t get to be silent. Silence is consent. Teachers call on parents to stand upâ⬠¦To me, thatââ¬â¢s passing the buck. Itââ¬â¢s our job. Teachers tell me they canââ¬â¢t risk their job. Well, neither can I. I live paycheck to paycheck. But, Iââ¬â¢d rather stock the racks at a department store than participate in harming children or the dissipation of public education. At the end of the day, I think most teachers feel that way. Itââ¬â¢s time for ALL of us to step up and respect ourselves and our knowledge base even when nobody else does. *Names and identifying details have been changed for student privacy. Michelle WatersI am a secondary English Language Arts teacher, a University of Oklahoma student working on my Masterââ¬â¢s of Education in Instructional Leadership and Academic Curriculum with an concentration in English Education, and a NBPTS candidate. I am constantly seeking ways to amplify my studentsââ¬â¢ voices and choices.
Saturday, May 16, 2020
An Analysis of Language Features in English Advertisement
An Analysis of Language Features in English Advertisement Abstract With increasing communication in the world and acceleration of economic globalizationï ¼Å'English advertising has found its way into peoples life. This thesis makes an attempt to explore the language characteristics of English advertisements so that we may be able to appreciate and write English advertising texts better. The thesis attempts to approach the main language characteristics of English advertising mainly from the angles of advertising and linguistics. First, the thesis defines advertisingï ¼Å'clarifies its objectivesï ¼Å'mentions its componentsï ¼Å'and discusses its classification of English advertisement. Nextï ¼Å'it investigates the main wordingâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦Each element plays a role in successful advertising. Howeverï ¼Å'an advertisement has no need to include all the normal elements. Sometimesï ¼Å'some elements are sufficient. The following elements are discussedï ¼Å'not because they are more importantï ¼Å'but because language features in such elements are more conspicuous and much easier to be noticed by the general public. David Ogi1vyï ¼Å'a famous Australian advertiserï ¼Å'pointed outï ¼Å'ââ¬Å"On the average five times as many people read the headline as read the body copy. The headline is with eighty cents of an advertising dollar. Thereforeï ¼Å'if you havenââ¬â¢t done some selling in the headlineï ¼Å'you have wasted 80 percent of your moneyâ⬠. Soï ¼Å'the headline should attract readersââ¬â¢ attentionï ¼Å'make them read the body copyï ¼Å'show the benefit of the product and arouse readersââ¬â¢ desire to take buying action. Some headlines need no sub-headlines. The body copy tells the complete sales story. The purpose of the body copy is to provide clarification of the headline and proof of claimsï ¼Å'to point out other competitive advantages. In shortï ¼Å'to give the prospective reasonsï ¼Å'implicit as well as explicit ,for action desired. A trademark is a sign used by an enterprise or an industry to distinguish qualityï ¼Å'specifications and nature of the product they produceï ¼Å'process and sell. The name of a trademark often appears in the headline. The slogan has some similarities with the headline .In factï ¼Å'many slogans are developed fromShow MoreRelatedThe Limitations Of Corpus Linguistics967 Words à |à 4 Pagesevery research approach and this is not to undervalue the advantages of applying corpus tools in a discourse study. Broadly speaking, corpus approach limitations seem to lie in certain issues related to representative-ness, relation to context, and language description. An important consideration in conducting a corpus approach is to work with repre-sentative data and representativeness cannot be evaluated objectively and entirely (Tognini Bonelli 2001: 57). No corpus can represent anything other thanRead MorePest Analysis on Telenor in Pakistan887 Words à |à 4 PagesASSIGNMENT#3 SUBJECT: DO ââ¬Å"PEST ANALYSISâ⬠ON A COMPANY IN ONE COUNTRY. SELECTED COMPANY=TELENOR [pic] GROUP NAME: BLITHE WHAT IS PEST ANALYSIS? A pest analysis is a scan of the external macro-environment in which the firm operates can be expressed in terms of the following factors â⬠¢ Political â⬠¢ Economic â⬠¢ Social â⬠¢ Technological The acronym PEST (or sometimes rearranged as STEP) is used to describe a framework for the analysis of these macro environmental factorsRead MoreEnhancing the Tourist Destination: An analysis of the Official Tourism Website of Indonesia1378 Words à |à 6 Pagescustoms, gastronomy, dancing, rules, etc. The relationship between language and tourism has been paid attention by some scholars such as MacCannell (1976) and Urry (1990) who argue the tourism development depends on language use and how to construct and define the tourist experience and destination images. As Boyer and Viallon (1994) discovered that it is not so many destinations which is integrally touristic but rather the language use creates them be touristic. This concept was then developed byRead MoreQuestions On The English Language1972 Words à |à 8 PagesEDU307 ââ¬â The English Language Assessment Item 3 ââ¬â Text-based Analysis Prepared by: Samuel Hair Student ID Number: 1081985 Word Count: 1964 Referencing Style: APA Prepared for: Michael Carey Tutor: Guy Rushton EDU307 ââ¬â The English Language Task 3 This essay will describe a critical and effective analysis of a prescribed text, which in this particular instance is a wine advertisement. The purpose of this text will be to inform andRead MoreLinkedin : A Business Oriented Social Media1404 Words à |à 6 Pagesprovides a great opportunity to build company credibility and visibility. LinkedIn offers a service where a company can request recommendations from customers, employees, etc., which will enable a company to gain credibility. Not only that, but this feature will allow New Nordic to potentially increase business connections as well as connect with other companies (Flannagan, 2013). By combining the recommendations received from businesses, clients, and employees, and the augmented amount of connectionsRead MoreHow Culture Influences Advertisement Translation2176 Words à |à 9 PagesHow Culture Influences Advertisement Translation. Introduction In our everyday life, every time we watch television or while we are surfing the internet, advertising is behind the corner and sometimes we do not even realize we are listening to it. We are bombarded by slogans and catchy phrases that catch our attention and make us customers of the product advertised in a way that is not direct but instead hidden and implicit. Without being aware of it, we buy products because when shopping, somethingRead MoreA Comparative Analysis of Tenses in Newspapers Headlines and Reports3368 Words à |à 14 PagesA Comparative Analysis of Tenses in Newspapers Headlines and Reports Introduction. The aim of this course paper is to compare tenses used in newspapers headlines and reports on the analytical basis, and to find out for what particular reasons the usage of tenses in headlines and newspaper articles differ. First, I am going to focus on the characteristics of different functional styles found in the English language. In the light of oratorical, colloquial, poetic, official and other styles, weRead MoreEnglish : Gender : Female Household Income1725 Words à |à 7 Pagesâ⬠¢ Education: bachelor â⬠¢ first language: English â⬠¢ gender: Female â⬠¢ household income: $100,000 per year â⬠¢ languages spoken at home: English â⬠¢ marital status: Married â⬠¢ nationality: Thai â⬠¢ number and age of children: one and 2 yrs old â⬠¢ occupation: officer â⬠¢ activities: sport â⬠¢ attitudes: positive think â⬠¢ interests: technology â⬠¢ lifestyle: Travel â⬠¢ opinions: N/A â⬠¢ political views: N/A â⬠¢ values: A meal at McDonald s restaurant Describe your marketing mixRead MoreENG2602 ASS011982 Words à |à 8 Pagesproofread. Yet, it combines the features of realism with a historical fact, and so it could be read as either fantasy or a history piece. Being a fiction, this text cannot be seen as a standard text on history, because it is narrated from an Indian point of view and although the author tries to remain objective, he cannot completely avoid his subjective opinions and feelings. Rushdieââ¬â¢s writing style questions the existence of a single, correct way of using the English language. As a typical representativeRead MoreAnalyzing Persuasive Techniques in Old Spices The Man Your Man Could Smell Like Commercial1492 Words à |à 6 PagesUniversity of Rijeka Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Department of English Language and Literature Analyzing Persuasive Techniques in Old Spices ââ¬Å"The Man Your Man Could Smell Likeââ¬Å" Commercial Student: Mia SariÃâ¡ Course: English Language 1 Course Instructor: Irena MeÃ
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tajduhar, M.Ed. Ac. Year: 2012/2013 This essay covers persuasive techniques used in the video commercial for Old Spice deodorant, as well as the messages that lie in the heart of the very commercial. The essay will
Wednesday, May 6, 2020
Concetps of Democracy and South Africa - 1071 Words
1.From a basic and conceptual standpoint, thin concepts of democracy are more narrow, whilst thick concepts of it take a much broader stance.(Democracy Index 2012:5) Both definitions include the fundamental electoral requirements of a democracy whilst the thin concepts seem to stay within this minimalist realm(Democracy Index 2012:5) and the thick definition encompasses more political freedoms, adding civil liberties to the list of requirements as well.(Democracy Index 2012:26) Dahls version of polyarchy and Freedom Houses electoral democracy are examples of ââ¬Ëthinââ¬â¢ definitions where both define democracy by political freedoms only, mostly related to elections and votes. (Democracy Index, 25, 26), Freedom housesââ¬â¢ non electoral definition of democracy (Democracy Index 2012:5) is ââ¬Å"thickâ⬠as it adds to it a range of political liberties and includes public freedoms.(Democracy Index 2012:5) Sometimes there are even more points added to certain ââ¬Å"thickâ⬠definition of democracy because they do not see political and civil liberties as enough to define a country as truly democratic.(Democratic Index 2012:26, 27) The economic index does this where it sees that requirements such as a population that participates in the democratic process and a government that is able to carry out its given role must be added on to make a democracy more practically efficient.(Democratic Index 2012: 26, 27) In conclusion thin democracy is a narrow definition(Democracy Index 2012:5) leading more towards
Tuesday, May 5, 2020
Priest And Chaplain The Characters Of The Chaplain, In Albert Camus T Essay Example For Students
Priest And Chaplain The Characters Of The Chaplain, In Albert Camus T Essay Priest and ChaplainThe characters of the chaplain, in Albert Camus The Outsider, and the priest, in Franz Kafkas The Trial, are quite similar, and are pivotal to the development of the novel. These characters serve essentialy to bring the question of God and religion to probe the existentialist aspects of it, in novels completely devoid of religious context.The main idea visible about these two characters is that they are both the last ones seen by the protagonists, Mearsault and K., both non-believers in the word of the lord. Whereas the chaplain in The Outsider tries to make Mearsault believe in the existence of god, the priest tries to warn and explain to K. what will happen to him.The reason the chaplain is the last one to see Mearsault is becasue its his job to let the prisioners have a final shot at redemption before they are executed. The reason that K. meets with the priest is out of advice given to him by someone, and he is the last character that he shows K. interacting with (although it might be true that K. meets and interacts with other people after the meeting, but they are neither mentioned nor visible later on). The priest doesnt try and make K. confess or anything of the sort, he is mainly there to converse with the character, his religious position is almost put to no use. The existentialist view of religion is that humans have been alienated from god, from each other, and so forth. In the novel Crime and Punishment, by Fyodor Dostoevsky, the christian idea of salvation through suffering is omnipresent throughout the novel. What is visible with The Trial and The Outsider is that they dont touch on the aspect of religion much throughout the story (The Outsider has bits and pieces of it appearing in his cross examinations but they are used more to mock than in an analitical sense). The presence of these two characters at the end of the novel serves to cover all the existentialist areas known to existemtialists (although it is doubtful whether the authors consciously attempted to make the characters present because of any existentialist rules they had to follow). The characters are required to structure the novels, beside the obvious existentialist areas. The characters are there to let the protagonists blow off some steam. In all the beaurocracy, confusion, and incompetence these two remain as the only ones that understand the predicament of the protaganists. They actually seem to understand what the protagonists are going through. The priest is more direct, yet symbolic, with K., telling him a story laden with symbolism and telling him what hes about to go through. The chaplain tries to take advantage of what he understands about Mearsault, and take control of his ideas in his final moments.
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